{"id":9528,"date":"2016-12-21T19:33:19","date_gmt":"2016-12-21T19:33:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cultureproject.org.uk\/kurdish\/?p=9528"},"modified":"2016-12-21T19:39:17","modified_gmt":"2016-12-21T19:39:17","slug":"rinde-cacan-tolstoy-u-xelata-nobele","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cultureproject.org.uk\/kurdish\/rinde-cacan-tolstoy-u-xelata-nobele\/","title":{"rendered":"Rind\u00ea \u00c7a\u00e7an; Tolstoy \u00fb xelata Nobel\u00ea"},"content":{"rendered":"
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STOCKHOLM, 12\/12 2016 \u2014 Sala 1901-\u00ea yekem\u00een xelata Nobel\u00ea b\u00fb para helbestvan\u00ea frans\u00ee Sully Prudhomme (1839\u20131907). Digel ko berhem\u00ean Prudhomme y\u00ean h\u00eaja heb\u00fbn j\u00ee ew li dervey\u00ee Fransay\u00ea z\u00eade nenaskir\u00ee b\u00fb, niho j\u00ee nif\u015f\u00ean n\u00fb y\u00ean Fransay\u00ea w\u00ee ba\u015f nas nakin.<\/p>\n

\"Rind\u00ea
Rind\u00ea \u00c7a\u00e7an<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

W\u00ea hing\u00ea w\u00eajevan\u00ean h\u00eaja wek\u00ee Anton Chekhov, Maxim Gorky, Alexander Blok \u00fb Emile Zola li jiyan\u00ea b\u00fbn, l\u00ea bel\u00ea y\u00ea her\u00ee liber\u00e7av niv\u00eeskar\u00ea r\u00fbs Lev Tolstoy (1828\u20131910) b\u00fb, hezkiriy\u00ean l\u00eeteratur\u00ea z\u00eade heyran\u00ean w\u00ee b\u00fbn, li h\u00eaviy\u00ea b\u00fbn ko xeleta Nobel\u00ea ya yek\u00ea bibe para Lev Tolstoy. Biryara Akademiya Sw\u00ead\u00ea ya xelata Nobel\u00ea wek\u00ee \u015fokek\u00ea bi ser xelk\u00ea de hat.<\/p>\n

Carl David af Wirsen helbestvan \u00fb rexnegir\u00ea l\u00eeteratur\u00ea b\u00fb, w\u00ea hing\u00ea endam \u00fb sekreter\u00ea kom\u00eeteya bir\u00eavebir ya xelata Nobel\u00ea b\u00fb, behs\u00ea dike ka \u00e7ima dil\u00ea w\u00ee nexwestiye ko Tolstoy xelata Nobel\u00ea wergire,dib\u00eaje:<\/p>\n

\u2014 Kesek nikare \u00eenkar bike ko Tolstoy xudan\u00ea berhem\u00ean h\u00eaja \u00fb kar\u00eeger e l\u00ea bel\u00ea Tolstoy dah\u00eanerek\u00ee l\u00eeteratur\u00ea be j\u00ee, ew mirovek\u00ee trad\u00eesyonel \u00fb pi\u015ftgir\u00ea jiyana pr\u00eem\u00eet\u00eev e. Tolstoy ne dilxwaz\u00ea medeniyeta n\u00fb ye.<\/p>\n

Di medyaya ewrop\u00ee, bi taybet\u00ee di ya sw\u00ead\u00ee, de rexney\u00ean dijwar li helw\u00easta Wirsen hatin kirin. Niv\u00eeskar\u00ea sw\u00ead\u00ee August Strindberg (1849\u20131912) di rojnameya Svenska Dagbladet\u00ea de ko yek ji kevintir\u00een rojnamey\u00ean sw\u00ead\u00ea ye, di gotarek\u00ea de bi h\u00ears dib\u00eaje:<\/p>\n

\u2014 Heger Carl David af Wirsen\u00ea ko sekreter\u00ea kom\u00eeteya bir\u00eavebir ya xelata Nobel\u00ea ye \u00fb evqas\u00ee n\u00ear\u00eenteng \u00fb nezan e, ev t\u00ea w\u00ea watey\u00ea ko endam\u00ean kom\u00eetey\u00ea ne ten\u00ea mirov\u00ean b\u00eainsaf in l\u00ea bel\u00ea ti\u015ftek\u00ee ji l\u00eeteratur\u00ea j\u00ee f\u00eam nakin.<\/p>\n

Hejmareke mezin ji niv\u00eeskar, hinermend \u00fb entelektuel\u00ean Sw\u00ead\u00ea di nameyeka vekir\u00ee de ko di medyaya sw\u00ead\u00ee de belav b\u00fb, heyran\u00ee \u00fb pi\u015ftgiriya xwe ji Lev Tolstoy re diyar dikin, dib\u00eajin:<\/p>\n

\u2014 Em dizanin ko te daxwaz \u00fb h\u00eaviya xelatan nekiriye, l\u00ea di rew\u015fa \u00eero de p\u00eaw\u00eest e ko em n\u00ear\u00eena xwe bib\u00eajin, bila hem\u00ee kes\u00ean li dervey\u00ee Sw\u00ead\u00ea bizanin ko em ne digel v\u00ea biryar\u00ea ne. Ev biryar qet ne bi dil\u00ea me ye \u00fb ten\u00ea endam\u00ean kom\u00eeteya bir\u00eavebir ya xelata Nobel\u00ea tems\u00eel dike. Em niv\u00eeskar, hinermend \u00fb hezkiriy\u00ean l\u00eeteratur\u00ea li Sw\u00ead\u00ea li dij\u00ee v\u00ea biryar\u00ea ne.<\/p>\n

Entelektuel\u00ean Sw\u00ead\u00ea di berdewamiya nameya xwe de ji Lev Tolstoy re dib\u00eajin:<\/p>\n

\u2014 Bi k\u00fbrahiya l\u00eeteratur\u00ea, speh\u00eetahiya hiner\u00ee, bi kar\u00eeger\u00ee, moral \u00fb bi hem\u00ee prens\u00eep\u00ean mirovane xelat layiq\u00ee te ye, li gor\u00ee bejn \u00fb bala te ya edeb\u00ee \u00e7\u00eab\u00fbye l\u00ea bel\u00ea card\u00ee j\u00ee neb\u00fb nes\u00eeb\u00ea te. Tu di \u00e7av\u00ean me de serk\u00ea\u015f\u00ea l\u00eeteratura n\u00fbjen \u00ee, tu k\u00fbrtir\u00een, kar\u00eegertir\u00een w\u00eajevan\u00ea nif\u015f\u00ea xwe y\u00ee. Tu ji hem\u00ee xelatan bilindtir \u00fb mezintir \u00ee.<\/p>\n

Dema Tolstoy nameya niv\u00eeskar\u00ean Sw\u00ead\u00ea ya hestbar \u00fb kelecan dixw\u00eene nikare b\u00eadeng bim\u00eene, bi k\u00eafxwe\u015f\u00ee bersiv\u00ea dide \u00fb dib\u00eaje:<\/p>\n

\u2014 Xelat neb\u00fb para min l\u00ea ez ti caran hewqas\u00ee wek\u00ee niha bextewar neb\u00fbme. Mirov\u00ean ko min di jiyana xwe de ew nasnekirine hezkirin\u00ea ji min re diyar dikin, ji bo min cih\u00ea \u015fehnaziy\u00ea ye. We ez bi hezkirin\u00ea dorp\u00ea\u00e7 kirim, ma bextewar\u00ee ji v\u00ea mezintir li k\u00fb heye. Wisa bizanin ko ez bi hest\u00ean we, bi r\u00eaz \u00fb hirmeta we dil\u015fad \u00fb serbilind im.<\/p>\n

Protestoya li Sw\u00ead\u00ea xwe vegirt welat\u00ean d\u00ee y\u00ean dinyay\u00ea, gelek namey\u00ean pi\u015ftgiriy\u00ea ko bi sedan mirov\u00ean naskir\u00ee bin\u00ea wan imza kir, ji Lev Tolstoy re hatin r\u00eakirin, hemiyan neraz\u00eeb\u00fbne xwe li hember\u00ee biryara Akademiya Sw\u00ead\u00ea ya xelata Nobel\u00ea diyar kir \u00fb bi yekdeng\u00ee got: \u00c7awa dah\u00eanerek\u00ee l\u00eeteratur\u00ea wek\u00ee Lev Tolstoy ko li ser r\u00fby\u00ea v\u00ea erd\u00ea dij\u00ee heye \u00fb xelat nabe para w\u00ee.<\/p>\n

Rexnegir\u00ea l\u00eeteratur\u00ea y\u00ea danmark\u00ee Georg Brandes dib\u00eaje:<\/p>\n

\u2014 Sully Prudhomme helbestvanek\u00ee tenik e, r\u00eaza me j\u00ea re heye, l\u00ea bel\u00ea k\u00ee dikare bibe rikeber\u00ea Lev Tostoy. Heger Tolstoy ji bil\u00ee romana \u201d\u015eer \u00fb a\u015ft\u00ee\u201d ti\u015fteka d\u00ee neniv\u00eesandibe, t\u00ear\u00ea dike ko ew di c\u00eehana l\u00eeteratur\u00ea de \u201dmiqedes\u201d be.<\/p>\n

Mirov ber\u00ea xwe bide l\u00eesteya xelatgir\u00ean Nobel\u00ea d\u00ea bib\u00eene ko piraniya wan ji Emer\u00eekay\u00ea \u00fb ji rojavay\u00ea Ewropay\u00ea ne, xelatgir\u00ean Nobel\u00ea y\u00ean ji rojhelat\u00ea Ewropay\u00ea hem k\u00eam in hem j\u00ee piraniya wan bar kirine rojavay\u00ea Ewropay\u00ea, bi tes\u00eera ziman \u00fb kultura rojavayiyan niv\u00eesandine.<\/p>\n

Sala 2000-\u00ea yekem\u00een niv\u00eeskar\u00ea \u00e7\u00een\u00ee ko li Fransay\u00ea dij\u00ee Gao Xingjian b\u00fb xelatgir\u00ea Nobel\u00ea. Ji ber helw\u00easta Xingjian ya li dij\u00ee desthilata maoy\u00ee, \u00c7\u00een\u00ea maf\u00ea hemwelatiy\u00ea j\u00ea stand, ew sergum kir \u00fb serdana welat j\u00ee l\u00ea qedexe kir, lewra desthilata \u00c7\u00een\u00ea bi nobelwergirtina Gao Xingjian k\u00eafxwe\u015f neb\u00fb \u00fb wek\u00ee ko biryareka siyas\u00ee li dij\u00ee w\u00ea be hesiband.<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00een\u00ea reaksiyoneka dijwar n\u00ee\u015fan da, medyaya w\u00ea qet behsa Xingjian \u00fb xelata Nobel\u00ea nekir. Wezareta derve ya \u00c7\u00een\u00ea nameyeka protestoy\u00ea ji Sw\u00ead\u00ea re r\u00eakir \u00fb ev mesele bo sedem\u00ea sarb\u00fbna t\u00eakiliyan di navbera herdu welatan de.<\/p>\n

Sala 2012-\u00ea Akademiya Sw\u00ead\u00ea biryar da ko Nobel\u00ea bide w\u00eajeya Asyay\u00ea, hing\u00ea niv\u00eeskar\u00ea japon\u00ee Haruki Murakami bi st\u00eela xwe ya speh\u00ee \u00fb raman\u00ean xwe y\u00ean k\u00fbr li ber \u00e7avan b\u00fb, l\u00ea bel\u00ea d\u00eesa dinya \u015fok b\u00fb ji ber xelat v\u00ea car\u00ea b\u00fb para niv\u00eeskarek\u00ee \u00e7\u00een\u00ee Mo Yan.<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00een\u00ea v\u00ea car\u00ea k\u00eaf kir. Mo Yan pi\u015ftgir\u00ea siyaseta w\u00ea ye, desthilata \u00c7\u00een\u00ea bi pereyeke mezin \u00e7\u00eeroka w\u00ee \u201dGaris\u00ean sor\u201d kir film, Mo Yan\u00ea nenaskir\u00ee bi r\u00eaya film\u00ee navdar b\u00fb. Gelekan got Sw\u00ead\u00ea ji bo dilmayina di navbera xwe \u00fb \u00c7\u00een\u00ea de bi daw\u00ee b\u00eene, xelat daye Mo Yan ko ber\u00ea le\u015fkerek\u00ee art\u00ea\u015fa \u00c7\u00een\u00ea b\u00fb.<\/p>\n

H\u00eaza sosyaldemokratan li Sw\u00ead\u00ea xurt e, dibe ko ev j\u00ee yek ji sedeman be ko para \u00e7epgiran di xelata Nobel\u00ea de mezintir be, wisa j\u00ee hinek rastgir\u00ean wek\u00ee Rudyard Kipling, Fran\u00e7ois Mauriac, Thomas Stearns Eliot \u00fb Hermann Hesse ko xelata Nobel\u00ea wergirtine hene.<\/p>\n

D\u00eeroka xelata Nobel\u00ea mi\u015ft surpr\u00eez in. Bertrand Russell y\u00ea feylesof \u00fb Winston Churchill y\u00ea siyasetmedar ko qet berhem\u00ean wan y\u00ean edeb\u00ee j\u00ee n\u00eenin, di war\u00ea l\u00eeteratur\u00ea de dibin xelatgir\u00ean Nobel\u00ea.<\/p>\n

Xelk bi nav\u00ean wek\u00ee Elfriede Jelinek, Harold Pinter, Nadine Gordimer, Herta Muller \u00fb Orhan Pamuk j\u00ee \u015fok b\u00fbn. Berhem\u00ean wan y\u00ean ba\u015f hene l\u00ea bel\u00ea ne di asta ko bibin xelatgir\u00ean Nobel\u00ea, bi taybet\u00ee eger mirov wan bide ber nav\u00ean wek\u00ee Isaac Babel, Joseph Roth, Stefan Zweig, Louis-Ferdinand Celine, Erskine Caldwell, John Dos Passos, Ezra Pound, Graham Greene, Raymond Carver, Mark Twain, Anton Chekhov, James Joyce \u00fb Virginia Woolf ko hem\u00ee xudan xebat \u00fb berhem\u00ean z\u00eade h\u00eaja ne l\u00ea wisa j\u00ee Nobel neb\u00fb para wan. Gelek caran \u015fopa siyaset\u00ea di hilbijartina xelatgir\u00ean Nobel\u00ea de diyar e.<\/p>\n

Xelata Nobel\u00ea ji niv\u00eeskaran re xewn \u00fb h\u00eaviyeka mezin e, l\u00ea bel\u00ea hejmareka niv\u00eeskar\u00ean ko xelata Nobel\u00ea red kirine j\u00ee hene, wek\u00ee Jean-Paul Sartre, Boris Pasternak \u00fb George Bernard Shaw ko bi ken dib\u00eaje:<\/p>\n

\u2014 Xelata Nobel\u00ea an dibe para kes\u00ean neh\u00eajay\u00ee an j\u00ee kes\u00ean ko p\u00eaw\u00eestiya wan p\u00ea n\u00eene, ez ji wan kesan im ko p\u00eaw\u00eestiya min bi Nobel\u00ea n\u00eene. Ez ji bo \u00e7\u00eakirina bar\u00fbt \u00fb d\u00eenam\u00eet\u00ea li Alfred Nobel\u00ee diborim l\u00ea ji bo afirandina xelata Nobel\u00ea l\u00ea naborim.<\/p>\n

Lev Tolstoy j\u00ee li xwe mukir t\u00ea. Dema zaniye ko nav\u00ea w\u00ee di l\u00eesteya p\u00ea\u015fniyar\u00ean xelata Nobel\u00ea de ye nameyek\u00ea r\u00eadike \u00fb dib\u00eaje xelat\u00ea bidin min j\u00ee d\u00ea red bikim, hema h\u00eaj\u00ee kes p\u00ea nehesiyaye nav\u00ea min rakin, bila ne ez ne j\u00ee kom\u00eeteya Nobel\u00ea bi redkirina min bikeve ber fediyan.<\/p>\n

Tolstoy bi rihek\u00ee sivik dib\u00eaje:<\/p>\n

\u2014 Ez bi zor\u00ea ji dewlemendiya xwe xilas b\u00fbm, v\u00eaca ez d\u00ea \u00e7i ji perey\u00ean xelata Nobel\u00ea bikim. Ba\u015f b\u00fb ko negehi\u015ft dest\u00ea min, d\u00ea ji min re bib\u00fbya barek\u00ee giran.<\/p>\n

Digel hem\u00ee rexneyan mirov nikare inkar bike ko xelata Nobel\u00ea pir xizmeta l\u00eeteratur\u00ea kiriye \u00fb dawiya daw\u00ee berhema ba\u015f dim\u00eene. Gelek xelatgir\u00ean Nobel\u00ea hatine ji b\u00eer kirin, kesek berhem\u00ean wan naxw\u00eene \u00fb gelek niv\u00eeskar\u00ean ko xelat neb\u00fbye para wan di dil\u00ea hezkiriy\u00ean l\u00eeteratur\u00ea de dij\u00een, dibe ko Tolstoy j\u00ee dizan\u00ee ko p\u00eaw\u00eestiya w\u00ee bi xelatan n\u00eene. Heta ko l\u00eeteratur hebe, berhem\u00ean Tolstoy j\u00ee d\u00ea her hebin \u00fb ti caran nay\u00ean ji b\u00eer kirin.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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STOCKHOLM, 12\/12 2016 \u2014 Sala 1901-\u00ea yekem\u00een xelata Nobel\u00ea b\u00fb para helbestvan\u00ea frans\u00ee Sully Prudhomme (1839\u20131907). Digel ko berhem\u00ean Prudhomme y\u00ean h\u00eaja heb\u00fbn j\u00ee ew li dervey\u00ee Fransay\u00ea z\u00eade nenaskir\u00ee b\u00fb, niho j\u00ee nif\u015f\u00ean n\u00fb y\u00ean Fransay\u00ea w\u00ee ba\u015f nas nakin. W\u00ea hing\u00ea w\u00eajevan\u00ean h\u00eaja wek\u00ee Anton Chekhov, Maxim Gorky, Alexander Blok \u00fb Emile Zola li jiyan\u00ea b\u00fbn, l\u00ea bel\u00ea y\u00ea her\u00ee liber\u00e7av niv\u00eeskar\u00ea r\u00fbs Lev Tolstoy (1828\u20131910) b\u00fb, hezkiriy\u00ean l\u00eeteratur\u00ea z\u00eade heyran\u00ean w\u00ee b\u00fbn, li h\u00eaviy\u00ea b\u00fbn ko xeleta […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_editorskit_title_hidden":false,"_editorskit_reading_time":0,"_editorskit_is_block_options_detached":false,"_editorskit_block_options_position":"{}","footnotes":""},"categories":[30,34],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cultureproject.org.uk\/kurdish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9528"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cultureproject.org.uk\/kurdish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cultureproject.org.uk\/kurdish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cultureproject.org.uk\/kurdish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cultureproject.org.uk\/kurdish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9528"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cultureproject.org.uk\/kurdish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9528\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cultureproject.org.uk\/kurdish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9528"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cultureproject.org.uk\/kurdish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9528"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cultureproject.org.uk\/kurdish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9528"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}