{"id":13828,"date":"2017-10-09T16:55:25","date_gmt":"2017-10-09T16:55:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cultureproject.org.uk\/kurdish\/?p=13828"},"modified":"2017-10-09T16:56:39","modified_gmt":"2017-10-09T16:56:39","slug":"ivan-turgeniev-serkese-aqile-xwe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cultureproject.org.uk\/kurdish\/ivan-turgeniev-serkese-aqile-xwe\/","title":{"rendered":"Rind\u00ea \u00c7a\u00e7an Ivan Turgeniev \u2013\u00a0serk\u00ea\u015f\u00ea\u00a0aqil\u00ea xwe"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u00a0Ivan Turgeniev \u2013\u00a0serk\u00ea\u015f\u00ea\u00a0aqil\u00ea xwe<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Niv\u00eeskar\u00ea r\u00fbs Ivan Turgeniev dib\u00eaje her feylesofek nabe romanniv\u00ees, l\u00ea bel\u00ea div\u00eat<\/h4>\n
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Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev November 9 [O.S. October 28] 1818 \u2013 September 3, 1883)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

her romanniv\u00eesek bi awayek\u00ee feylesof be, an j\u00ee bi k\u00eaman\u00ee n\u00ear\u00een\u00ean w\u00ee y\u00ean k\u00fbr di asoy\u00ean felsefey\u00ea de hebin.<\/h4>\n

Turgeniev dib\u00eaje: Roman bi felsefey\u00ea dewlemend dibe, romanniv\u00ees nikare w\u00eaneyek\u00ee jiyan\u00ea \u015f\u00eawe bike b\u00eay\u00ee ko w\u00ee w\u00eaney\u00ee b\u00eaxe \u00e7ar\u00e7eveyeke felsef\u00ee de.<\/h4>\n

Felsefeya Ivan Turgeniev diyar e, reng\u00ea re\u015fb\u00eeniy\u00ea di berhem\u00ean w\u00ee de serdest e, jixwe nav\u00ea leheng\u00ea Turgeniev di romana w\u00ee \u201cBav \u00fb zarok\u201d de Bazarov Nih\u00eel\u00eezm e<\/h4>\n

Bazar gotineke bi koka xwe faris\u00ee-kurd\u00ee ye, teteriyan ji tirkan standiye, pa\u015f\u00ea ketiye n\u00eav ziman\u00ea r\u00fbs\u00ee. R\u00fbs ji s\u00fbka vekir\u00ee ya gel\u00ear\u00ee re dib\u00eajin \u201dbazar\u201d l\u00ea peyva bazar wek\u00ee \u00eedyom j\u00ee bi kar t\u00eat, dema behsa b\u00fbyereke aloz \u00fb tevlihevb\u00fby\u00ee dibe dib\u00eajin “b\u00fbye wek\u00ee bazar\u00ea”. Turgeniev j\u00ee aloziya rew\u015f\u00ea, tevliheviya hest \u00fb ramanan di kesayetiya Bazarov de neqi\u015fandiye, ango Turgeniev bi zan\u00een ew nav li leheng\u00ea xwe kiriye.<\/h4>\n

Nih\u00eel\u00eezm felesefeyeke re\u015fb\u00een e, dib\u00eaje jiyan \u00ea\u015f e, dawiya jiyan\u00ea fenab\u00fbn e, pi\u015ftgir\u00ean v\u00ea felsefey\u00ea w\u00ea wek\u00ee real\u00eeteyek\u00ea dib\u00eenin, Ivan Turgeniev j\u00ee re\u015fb\u00eenek\u00ee real\u00eest e, ji fantaz\u00ee \u00fb xeyalan hez nake l\u00ea bel\u00ea ne real\u00eestek\u00ee monoton e, ziman\u00ea w\u00ee y\u00ea edeb\u00ee z\u00eade speh\u00ee \u00fb tenik e. Turgeniev li ser ziman\u00ea leheng\u00ea xwe dib\u00eaje:<\/h4>\n

\u2014 Carinan mirov ji n\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea ve li xwe hi\u015fyar dibe, dib\u00eene ko sal bi lez wek\u00ee xewnek\u00ea bor\u00een, b\u00fbyer\u00ean jiyana mirov\u00ee wek\u00ee f\u00eelmek\u00ee li ber \u00e7av\u00ean w\u00ee derbas dibe, ew \u00ead\u00ee b\u00fbye 40, 50 an j\u00ee 60-sal\u00ee, hejmara berevaj\u00ee destp\u00ea dike, kesereke k\u00fbr dik\u00ea\u015fe, bi xembar\u00ee li mirin\u00ea dihizire.<\/h4>\n

Bazarov, kesayetiya serek\u00ee ya romana “Bav \u00fb zarok”, xwendekarek\u00ee un\u00eevers\u00eetey\u00ea ye, di\u00e7e gund\u00ea heval\u00ea xwe, malbata heval\u00ea w\u00ee dewlemend e, xwediya gundek\u00ee ye, hing\u00ea ne ji m\u00eaj ve koletiya cotkaran bi biryareke ferm\u00ee qedexe dibe. Di axaftina di navbera Bazarov \u00fb mezin\u00ean gund\u00ee de, cidahiya raman \u00fb n\u00ear\u00een\u00ean herdu nif\u015fan diyar dibe, nif\u015f\u00ea ber\u00ea y\u00ea tradisyonel ko ji guhertin\u00ea ditirse \u00fb nif\u015f\u00ea n\u00fb ko pi\u015ftgir\u00ee \u00fb serk\u00ea\u015fiya prosesa guhertin\u00ea dike. Turgeniev aloziy\u00ean klas\u00ean civat\u00ea \u00fb dubendiya di navbera herdu nif\u015fan de, radixe ber \u00e7avan.<\/h4>\n

Turgeniev ji malbateka esilzade ye, bi sedan cotkaran wek\u00ee kole di erd\u00ea malbata w\u00ee de kar dikir, dema diya w\u00ee mir, milk\u00ea malbeta w\u00ee j\u00eare ma, hing\u00ea Turgeniev ji Elmanyay\u00ea di\u00e7e gund\u00ea xwe \u00fb cotkar\u00ean malbata xwe ji koletiy\u00ea rizgar dike. Y\u00ean ko Turgeniev ji n\u00eaz\u00eek ve nas dikin dib\u00eajin ko w\u00ee raman \u00fb xewn\u00ean genc\u00eeniya xwe, di kesayetiya Bazarov de p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015f\u00ee xwendevanan kiriye, Turgeniev j\u00ee dib\u00eaje w\u00ee h\u00eav\u00ee dikir ko ew di genc\u00eeniya xwe de bi qas\u00ee Bazarov bi cesaret b\u00fbya \u00fb hertim ya dil\u00ea xwe bigotiba.<\/h4>\n

Di temen\u00ea \u00e7ilsaliy\u00ea de Turgeniev romana xwe niv\u00eesand, raman\u00ean w\u00ee k\u00fbr in, diyalog j\u00ee t\u00earhest \u00fb balk\u00ea\u015f in. Ivan Turgeniev wek\u00ee ps\u00eekologek\u00ee j\u00eahat\u00ee kesayetiy\u00ean romana xwe anal\u00eez dike, ji raman\u00ea b\u00eahtir giraniy\u00ea dide hestan \u00fb dib\u00eaje:<\/h4>\n

\u2014 Hest pir giring e, hest \u00e7iraya raman\u00ea ye, hem\u00ee caran p\u00eaw\u00eest nake ko mirov helw\u00east\u00ean xwe bi awayeke loj\u00eek rave bike, carinan hest ten\u00ea t\u00ear\u00ea dike ko mirov qenc\u00ee \u00fb xirabiy\u00ea ji hev der\u00eaxe, bi r\u00eaya hestan rastiy\u00ea nas bike.<\/h4>\n

Turgeniev romana xwe “Bav \u00fb zarok” di navbera sala 1860 \u00fb 1862-\u00ea de belav dike, hing\u00ea tevgera fikr\u00ee li R\u00fbsyay\u00ea z\u00eade aktiv b\u00fb, civata r\u00fbs li ber dergeh\u00ea guhertin\u00ean mezin b\u00fb, Ivan Turgeniev ko be\u015feke mezin ji jiyana xwe li dervey\u00ee R\u00fbsyay\u00ea borand, ne digel guhertin\u00ean rad\u00eekal e. Turgeniev dib\u00eaje: \u00c7i p\u00eaw\u00eest\u00ee p\u00ea heye ko em lehiyeke xw\u00een\u00ea bir\u00eaj\u00eenin eger r\u00eay\u00ean aram \u00fb a\u015ftiyana y\u00ean guhertin\u00ea hebin.<\/h4>\n

Turgeniev rexneyan li herdu nif\u015fan digire, s\u00eestema kevin red dike, l\u00ea di heman dem\u00ea de li dij\u00ee \u015fore\u015f\u00ean xw\u00een\u00ee ye, dib\u00eaje: Welat\u00ean rojavay\u00ea Ewropay\u00ea bi \u00e7end gavan li p\u00ea\u015f me ne, qet ne k\u00eamas\u00ee ye ko em bidin ser \u015fopa wan, ji metod \u00fb p\u00ea\u015fketina wan f\u00eadey\u00ea wergirin.<\/h4>\n

Helw\u00easta Turgeniev b\u00fb sedema minaqe\u015fey\u00ean berfereh, nexasim w\u00ea hing\u00ea hest\u00ean neteweperweriya r\u00fbs\u00ee z\u00eade xurt b\u00fb, neteweperwer\u00ean r\u00fbs digot: \u201dTurgeniev dixwaze ko em \u00e7avgirt\u00ee bidin ser r\u00eaya rojavayiyan, nasnameya xwe ya tradisyonel wenda bikin, ew xwe ed\u00ee wek\u00ee r\u00fbs hest nake, b\u00fbye rojavay\u00ee.\u201d Turgeniev j\u00ee bi ruheke \u00eeron\u00eek bersiv\u00ea dide \u00fb dib\u00eaje: \u201dBalk\u00ea\u015f e, aqil\u00ea mirovan t\u00ear\u00ea dike ko k\u00ea\u015fey\u00ean matemat\u00eek\u00ea \u00fb ka \u00e7awa erd li dora roj\u00ea diz\u00eevire f\u00eam bike, l\u00ea hest \u00fb helw\u00east\u00ean mirov\u00ean jixwecida f\u00eam nake.<\/h4>\n

Dibe ko ti niv\u00eeskar\u00ean r\u00fbs bi qas\u00ee Ivan Turgeniev behsa tradisyon, kultur \u00fb jiyana r\u00fbs\u00ee di niv\u00ees \u00fb roman\u00ean xwe de nekiribe, l\u00ea berhem\u00ean w\u00ee piran\u00ee ne bi ziman\u00ea r\u00fbs\u00ee, bi ingl\u00eez\u00ee, frans\u00ee \u00fb elman\u00ee navdar b\u00fb, lewra dijayetiya neteweperweran li hember\u00ee w\u00ee dijwartir b\u00fb. Dema ko Turgeniev serdan di\u00e7\u00fb R\u00fbsyay\u00ea, genc\u00ean xw\u00eengerm bi gotin\u00ean nexwe\u015f p\u00ea\u015fwaz\u00ee l\u00ea dikir, ev j\u00ee b\u00fb yek ji sedem\u00ean dudiliya w\u00ee ko vegere R\u00fbsyay\u00ea. Ivan Turgeniev jiyana xwe heta mirin\u00ea (1883) li rojavay\u00ea Ewropay\u00ea, li Elmanya \u00fb Fransay\u00ea borand.<\/h4>\n

Di heman dema ko xeleka civak\u00ee li R\u00fbsyay\u00ea li derdora Turgeniev teng dib\u00fb, st\u00eark\u00ean l\u00eeteratura frans\u00ee wek\u00ee Jules Goncourt, Gustave Flaubert \u00fb George Sand li Par\u00ees\u00ea bi himb\u00eaz \u00fb qefl\u00ean gulan p\u00ea\u015fwaz\u00ee l\u00ea dikir. Sala 1878-\u00ea kongireyeke l\u00eeteratur\u00ea ya navnetewey\u00ee li Par\u00ees\u00ea p\u00eak hat, ji nav gelek niv\u00eeskar\u00ean balbilind Ivan Turgeniev wek\u00ee bir\u00eavebir \u00fb serok\u00ea kongrey\u00ea hat hilbijartin.<\/h4>\n

K\u00eam niv\u00eeskar\u00ean r\u00fbs wek\u00ee Turgeniev di jiyan\u00ea de, h\u00eaj sax, li rojavay\u00ea Ewropay\u00ea qedr \u00fb q\u00eemet d\u00eetiye. \u00c7awa ko Fyodor Dostoyevsky bi “Biray\u00ean Karamazov” \u00fb \u201dAnna Karenina\u201d, Tolstoy bi “\u015eer \u00fb a\u015ft\u00ee”, herweha Turgeniev j\u00ee her\u00ee pir bi romana xwe “Bav \u00fb zarok” navdar b\u00fb. Romana Turgeniev \u201cBav \u00fb zarok\u201d yek ji st\u00fbn\u00ean edebiyata r\u00fbs\u00ee ye. Turgeniev dib\u00eaje:<\/h4>\n

\u2014 Rola l\u00eeteratur\u00ea ne ew e ko bibe bersiva hem\u00ee pirs \u00fb tirs\u00ean mirov\u00ee, l\u00ea div\u00eat ko l\u00eeteratur ji h\u00fbrgiliy\u00ean jiyana xelk\u00ea, ji real\u00eetey\u00ea d\u00fbr nekeve, pirsgir\u00eak\u00ean ve\u015fart\u00ee bide p\u00ea\u015f. Ji kontrast\u00ean kesayetiya Turgeniev, bi qas\u00ee ko ew real\u00eest e, ewqas\u00ee j\u00ee tenik \u00fb hestbar e, li hember\u00ee soj\u00eena dil\u00ea xwe j\u00ee \u015fore\u015fgerek\u00ee rad\u00eekal e. Turgeniev jiyana xwe digel \u00ea\u015fa ev\u00eendariyeke b\u00eah\u00eav\u00ee derbas kir.<\/h4>\n

Baweriya Bazarov\u00ea nih\u00eel\u00eest qet bi hest\u00ean ev\u00eendariy\u00ea nedihat, dil\u00ea w\u00ee j\u00ee bi agir\u00ea ev\u00eendariyeke dijwar disoje, b\u00eer\u00fbbaweriy\u00ean w\u00ee ser\u00fbbin dibe. Bazarov ji bo hest\u00ean ev\u00eendariy\u00ea \u00fb prens\u00eeb\u00ean xwe bi m\u00earxas\u00ee li ber xwe dide. Jiyana xwe heta mirin\u00ea di xizmeta xelk\u00ea xwe de dibor\u00eene, Turgeniev behsa mirina Bazarov dike, dib\u00eaje:<\/h4>\n

\u2014 Ev\u00eendar\u00ee \u00fb mirin du b\u00fbyer\u00ean her\u00ee giring in di jiyana mirov\u00ee de. Ev\u00eendar\u00ee zora hem\u00ee raman\u00ean re\u015fb\u00een dibe, h\u00eaviy\u00ean speh\u00ee diafir\u00eene, mirin j\u00ee her \u00e7iqas\u00ee tehl e, ewqas\u00ee j\u00ee ji bo berdewamiya jiyan\u00ea p\u00eaw\u00eest e. Dema mirin bi serbilind\u00ee di ber helw\u00east \u00fb raman\u00ean h\u00eaja de be ew serkeftin e.<\/h4>\n

Turgeniev ji welat\u00ea xwe d\u00fbr b\u00fb, l\u00ea bel\u00ea pencereya komun\u00eekasyon\u00ea di navbera w\u00ee \u00fb R\u00fbsyay\u00ea de her vekir\u00ee b\u00fb, agah ji hem\u00ee b\u00fbyer\u00ean ko li welat\u00ea w\u00ee diqewim\u00een heb\u00fb, bi pirsgir\u00eak\u00ean civata xwe j\u00ee z\u00eade di\u00ea\u015fiya, niv\u00eesandin\u00ea hest\u00ea ewlehiy\u00ea dida can\u00ea w\u00ee y\u00ea \u00ea\u015fiyay\u00ee. Turgeniev dib\u00eaje:<\/h4>\n

\u2014 Di b\u00eahnik\u00ean xemg\u00eeniya k\u00fbr de, mirov zelaltir \u00ea\u015fa derdora xwe dib\u00eene, mirov \u00e7iqas\u00ee bizane ewqas\u00ee j\u00ee di\u00ea\u015fe. Mirov ne ego\u00eest be, bextewar\u00ee j\u00ee zehmet e. Div\u00eat mirov li pa\u015f xwe nen\u00eare, \u00e7avan bigre, ji xwe p\u00ea ve ti kes\u00ee neb\u00eene, li ti kes\u00ee nehizire, ten\u00ea w\u00ea hing\u00ea dikare jiyaneke aram \u00fb bextewar bij\u00ee.<\/h4>\n

Turgeniev heta dawiy\u00ea li ser helw\u00easta xwe ma, Ji boy\u00ee w\u00ee ji bextewariy\u00ea giringtir ew b\u00fb ko mirov xudanbiryar \u00fb displ\u00een be. Turgeniev dib\u00eaje:<\/h4>\n

\u2014 Ti caran derfet\u00ea nede ti kes\u00ee ko serk\u00ea\u015fiya aqil \u00fb jiyana te bike, bi xwe r\u00eay\u00ean jiyana xwe hilbij\u00eare. Ne bextewar l\u00ea serbilind be, li hember\u00ee zordariy\u00ea t\u00eakne\u00e7e, li hember\u00ee \u00ea\u015fa xwe j\u00ee bih\u00ears be, tu d\u00ea rojek\u00ea zora w\u00ea \u00ea\u015f\u00ea j\u00ee bib\u00ee.<\/h4>\n

Rind\u00ea \u00c7a\u00e7an<\/h4>\n

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\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u0628\u0647\u200c\u062a \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0643\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u200c\u06af\u0647\u200c\u0632\u06cc\u0646<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u00a0Ivan Turgeniev \u2013\u00a0serk\u00ea\u015f\u00ea\u00a0aqil\u00ea xwe Niv\u00eeskar\u00ea r\u00fbs Ivan Turgeniev dib\u00eaje her feylesofek nabe romanniv\u00ees, l\u00ea bel\u00ea div\u00eat her romanniv\u00eesek bi awayek\u00ee feylesof be, an j\u00ee bi k\u00eaman\u00ee n\u00ear\u00een\u00ean w\u00ee y\u00ean k\u00fbr di asoy\u00ean felsefey\u00ea de hebin. Turgeniev dib\u00eaje: Roman bi felsefey\u00ea dewlemend dibe, romanniv\u00ees nikare w\u00eaneyek\u00ee jiyan\u00ea \u015f\u00eawe bike b\u00eay\u00ee ko w\u00ee w\u00eaney\u00ee b\u00eaxe \u00e7ar\u00e7eveyeke felsef\u00ee de. Felsefeya Ivan Turgeniev diyar e, reng\u00ea re\u015fb\u00eeniy\u00ea di berhem\u00ean w\u00ee de serdest e, jixwe nav\u00ea leheng\u00ea Turgeniev di romana w\u00ee \u201cBav \u00fb zarok\u201d de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":94,"featured_media":13834,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_editorskit_title_hidden":false,"_editorskit_reading_time":0,"_editorskit_is_block_options_detached":false,"_editorskit_block_options_position":"{}","footnotes":""},"categories":[33],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cultureproject.org.uk\/kurdish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13828"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cultureproject.org.uk\/kurdish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cultureproject.org.uk\/kurdish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cultureproject.org.uk\/kurdish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/94"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cultureproject.org.uk\/kurdish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13828"}],"version-history":[{"count":22,"href":"https:\/\/cultureproject.org.uk\/kurdish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13828\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13856,"href":"https:\/\/cultureproject.org.uk\/kurdish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13828\/revisions\/13856"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cultureproject.org.uk\/kurdish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13834"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cultureproject.org.uk\/kurdish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13828"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cultureproject.org.uk\/kurdish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13828"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cultureproject.org.uk\/kurdish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13828"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}